Dictionaries

Index

ə
ə˧bɑ˩-lɑ˩bɑ˩
ə˧bo˥$
ə˧bo˧tɕo˧li˧
ə˧bv˧-ʁwɤ˧
ə˧bv˩
ə˧ɕjɤ˩
ə˧ɕjo˩
ə˧dɑ˥$
ə˧dɑ˧-ə˧mi#˥
ə˧dɑ˧-zo#˥
ə˧dze˧
ə˧-dzɤ˥$
ə˧-dzɤ˧~dzɤ˥
ə˧ɖo˧
ə˧go˧
ə˧go˧-ʁwɤ˧
ə˧gɯ˩
ə˧hɑ˩-bɑ˩lɑ˩
ə˧hĩ˥
ə˧hwɤ˧
ə˧hwɤ˧-zo˧hṽ˧˥
ə˧jɤ˩
ə˧ʝi˥$
ə˧ʝi˧-ʂɯ˥ʝi˩
ə˧ʝi˧-tsʰi˧ʝi#˥
ə˧lɑ˧
ə˧lɑ˧-ʁwɤ#˥
ə˧mɑ˧
ə˧mi˧
ə˧mi˧-ɖɯ˩
ə˧mi˧-mv˩
ə˧mi˧-tɕi˩
ə˧mi˧-ze˩mi˩
ə˧mi˧-zo#˥
ə˧mv˥-tɕi˩
ə˧mv˧-gi˥zɯ˩
ə˧mv˧-go˧mi˥
ə˧mv˩
ə˧ɲi˥$
ə˧ɲi˥-tsæ˩qæ˩
ə˧ɲi˧mɤ˩
ə˧ɲi˧-tsʰi˧ɲi#˥
ə˧pʰv˧
ə˧si˧
ə˧si˧-ə˧pʰv#˥
ə˧so˧
ə˧-sɯ˩kv˩
ə˧ʂɯ˧ɲi˥-ɖɯ˧ɲi˥
ə˧ti˥-dzi˩
ə˧tɕi˩
ə˧tse˥$
ə˧tso˧
ə˧tso˧~ə˧tso˥
ə˧tso˧-mɤ˧-ɲi˩
ə˧v˧-ze˥v˩
ə˧v˧˥
ə˧v˧˥
ə˧ze˧
ə˧zo˩-ʁwɤ˩
ə˧zɯ˩
ə˧ʐv˩
ə˧ʑi˧-ə˧pʰv˧˥
ə˧ʑi˧-ʐv˥mi˩
ə˧ʑi˧˥
ə˩‑
ə˩kʰɯ˩
ə˩ljɤ˩hæ̃˩ʂɯ˥-mo˩
ə˩qo˥

ə interjection intj . 感叹词. morphosyntax.

ə˧bɑ˩-lɑ˩bɑ˩ noun Tone: L#-. cactus. 仙人掌. plant.: ə˧bɑ˩-lɑ˩bɑ˩ | ɖɯ˧-dzi˩; a cactus plant; 一棵仙人掌

ə˧bo˥$ noun Tone: H$. classifier: v˧ paternal_uncle. 父亲的兄弟. society.: ə˧bo˧-ɖɯ˧˥; paternal uncle, father's elder brother; 伯父：父亲的哥哥; ə˧bo˧-tɕi˥ (+ɲi˩); paternal uncle, father's younger brother; 叔叔：父亲的弟弟

ə˧bo˧tɕo˧li˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: mi˩ cricket. 蟋蟀. animal.

ə˧bv˧-ʁwɤ˧ noun Tone: M. village_name. 阿布瓦村. place name.

ə˧bv˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: ɭɯ˧ oven_to_make_bricks. 烤砖的烤炉. natural environment.

ə˧ɕjɤ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ lover. 情人. society. See: ə˧ɖo˧

ə˧ɕjo˩ noun Tone: L#. family_name. 一个姓. given name.: ə˧ɕjo˩=ɻ˩; the /ə˧ɕjo˩/ clan; |fv /ə˧ɕjo˩/ 家族 /ə˧ɕjo˩/ 家族

ə˧dɑ˥$ noun Tone: H$. classifier: v˧ father. 父亲. society.

ə˧dɑ˧-ə˧mi#˥ noun Tone: #H. father_and_mother. 父母. society.: ə˧dɑ˧-ə˧mi˧ ɲi˥-kv˩; the father and mother, as a pair; 父母亲

ə˧dɑ˧-zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. father_and_son. 父子. society.

ə˧dze˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: purple_gromwell. 紫草. plant.: ə˧dze˧-njɤ˩hṽ˩; same meaning: purple gromwell; 紫草; ə˧dze˧-bæ˩bæ˩; gromwell flowers; 紫草花

ə˧-dzɤ˥$ adverb Tone: H$. slowly. 慢. adverb.: ə˧-dzɤ˧ ʝi˧; to work slowly, to do slowly; 慢慢做; ə˧dzɤ˧ le˧-hõ˩! |; Goodbye! (Said by the host to their guest. Literally: "Walk slowly!" = "Take your time on the way!"); 慢走！; ə˧dzɤ˥ | le˧-hõ˩! |; Goodbye!; 慢走！; ə˧dzɤ˧ le˧-dzi˩! |; Goodbye! (Said by the guest to their host. Literally: "Sit quietly!" = "Take it easy!"); 慢慢坐！

ə˧-dzɤ˧~dzɤ˥ adverb Tone: H#. Etym: ə˧-dzɤ˥$, ə˧ze˧. slowly. 慢慢地. adverb.: ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ɖwæ˧˥ | ə˧-dzɤ˧~dzɤ˥ ʝi˩-kv˩!; (S)he works very carefully. (The literal meaning is 'very slowly'; this is not a criticism, however: it means that they know to take their time in order to do a good job.); 他工作很细致。（直译：‘他工作很慢’，但不是批评：意味着那个人懂得慢慢来做，做得更仔细。）; ə˧-dzɤ˧~dzɤ˥ ʝi˩; to do (something) slowly; 慢慢地做; ə˧-zɤ˧~zɤ˥ ʝi˩; to do (something) slowly; 慢慢地做

ə˧ɖo˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: v˧ lover. 情人. society. See: ə˧ɕjɤ˩

ə˧go˧ noun Tone: M. family_name. 一个姓. given name.: ə˧go˧=ɻ˩; the /ə˧go˧/ clan; |fv /ə˧go˧/ 家族 /ə˧go˧/ 家族; ə˧go˧ | dʑɤ˩tsʰi˧; The person called /dʑɤ˩tsʰi#˥/ , of the /ə˧go˧/ clan; |fv /ə˧go˧/ 家族名叫|fv /dʑɤ˩tsʰi#˥/ 那个人 /ə˧go˧/ 家族名叫 /dʑɤ˩tsʰi#˥/ 那个人

ə˧go˧-ʁwɤ˧ noun Tone: M. village_name. 温泉乡的一个村落. place name.: ə˧go˧-ʁwɤ˧, | ʁwɤ˧lɑ˩-bi˩, | bæ˧ʁwɤ˧, | tʰo˧tsʰe#˥, | pi˧tsʰe˩-di˩, | pɤ˧dʑɤ˩-di˩, | ʁwɤ˧tv˧; Villages that one encounters as one leaves the plain of Yongning (away from the Lake); the first two are perceived as villages with a high proportion of Na members, and the third as a mostly Na village, whereas the next ones are Pumi (Prinmi).; 永宁背向泸沽湖方向经过的村落。前两个村落拥有相当大的摩梭人口比例，第三个村落是摩梭村，最后一个是普米村。

ə˧gɯ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: po˧ peppermint. 薄荷. plant.

ə˧hɑ˩-bɑ˩lɑ˩ noun Tone: L#-. classifier: ɖʐo˩ song. 民歌. language.: ə˧hɑ˩bɑ˩lɑ˩ | ɖɯ˧-ɖʐo˩ gwɤ˩; to sing a song; 唱一首摩梭歌

ə˧hĩ˥ adverb Tone: H#. in_a_moment. 待会儿. time.: ə˧hĩ˥-ɳɯ˩, | li˧-kʰɯ˧-bi˥!; I will show you in a moment!; 待会儿，我给你看吧！

ə˧hwɤ˧ adverb Tone: M. yesterday_evening. 昨晚. time.: ə˧hwɤ˧ | mv˩kʰv˧˥; yesterday evening, during the night; 昨晚，夜里

ə˧hwɤ˧-zo˧hṽ˧˥ noun Tone: °MH#. newborn_baby. 婴儿. society.

ə˧jɤ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ mother_s_elder_sister. 姨母 (比母亲大). society.

ə˧ʝi˥$ adverb Tone: H$. last_year. 去年. time.

ə˧ʝi˧-ʂɯ˥ʝi˩ adverb Tone: #H-. long_ago. 很久以前. time.

ə˧ʝi˧-tsʰi˧ʝi#˥ adverb Tone: #H. these_years. 现在这个时代. time.

ə˧lɑ˧ noun Tone: M. family_name. 一个姓. given name.: ə˧lɑ˧=ɻ˩; the /ə˧lɑ˧/ clan; |fv /ə˧lɑ˧/ 家族 /ə˧lɑ˧/ 家族

ə˧lɑ˧-ʁwɤ#˥ noun Tone: #H. village_name. 永宁寺旁边的村落. place name.: dʑɤ˩bv˧kɤ˧-sɑ˥ʁwɤ˩, | hi˩ʁwɤ˩-lo˥, | æ˩mi˧-ʁwɤ#˥, | lɑ˧lo˧-ʁwɤ˥, | lɑ˧ŋwɤ˧, | bɤ˧tsʰo˧gv˥, | ə˧lɑ˧-ʁwɤ#˥, | gæ˧ɻæ˩, | qʰæ˧tɕʰi˧, | tʰo˧ʈɯ#˥; the ten villages traditionally considered as part of Yongning; 摩梭传统地理概念中，属于永宁的十个村落

ə˧mɑ˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: v˧ mother. 阿妈. society.

ə˧mi˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: v˧ classifier: jɤ˧˥ mother/aunt. 母亲/姑母. society.: ə˧mi˧=ɻæ˩; _ associative; 母亲们 =长辈女性

ə˧mi˧-ɖɯ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ mother_s_elder_sister. 姨母 (比母亲大). society.

ə˧mi˧-mv˩ noun Tone: °L. mother_and_daughter. 母女. society.

ə˧mi˧-tɕi˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ mother_s_younger_sister. 姨母 (比母亲小). society.

ə˧mi˧-ze˩mi˩ noun Tone: °L. aunt_and_niece. 姨母与侄女或甥女. society.

ə˧mi˧-zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. mother_and_son. 母子. society.

ə˧mv˥-tɕi˩ adjective Tone: H#. very_small. 细小. adjective.: ə˧mv˥-tɕi˩-gv˩; very small, diminutive; 小、细小; ə˧mv˥-tɕi˩-hĩ˩; very small; 细小的; ə˧mv˥tɕi˩ | ɖɯ˧-kʰwɤ˥; a little piece, a little bit; 一小块

ə˧mv˧-gi˥zɯ˩ noun Tone: #H-. brothers. 兄弟. society.

ə˧mv˧-go˧mi˥ noun Tone: °H#. sisters. 姐妹. society.

ə˧mv˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ elder_sibling. 哥哥/姐姐. society.: æ˧mv˩=ɻæ˩; associative : elder siblings; 联想复数：哥哥们、姐姐们

ə˧ɲi˥$ adverb Tone: H$. yesterday. 昨天. time.

ə˧ɲi˥-tsæ˩qæ˩ noun Tone: H#-L. classifier: ɭɯ˧ little_finger. 小指. body.

ə˧ɲi˧mɤ˩ noun Buddhist nun. 尼姑. society.: mi˩zɯ˩-ʈæ˩bɤ˥; woman priest; 尼姑

ə˧ɲi˧-tsʰi˧ɲi#˥ adverb Tone: #H. these_days. 近来. time.

ə˧pʰv˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: v˧ grandmother_s_elder_brother. 姥姥的哥哥. society.

ə˧si˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: v˧ 4th_generation_elders. 祖母与其哥哥. society.

ə˧si˧-ə˧pʰv#˥ noun Tone: #H. ancestors. 祖宗. society.

ə˧so˧ adverb Tone: M. a_moment_ago. 刚才. time.

ə˧-sɯ˩kv˩ pronoun Tone: °L / LMH. 1pl_incl . 咱们. morphosyntax.: ə˧-sɯ˩kv˩ | ɖɯ˧-tɑ˧˥ | nɑ˩ ɲi˧!; We are Na, all of us!; 咱们都是摩梭人！; ə˧-sɯ˩kv˩ lɑ˩ ɲi˩!; We are between ourselves! (Context: a grandmother encourages her one-year-old granddaughter to defecate; there are other people present, which may be intimidating to the child, so her grandmother reassures her: "These are all family members! You can relax, there's nothing to be afraid of!"; 只有我们！（=没有人在看！）（情景：一位奶奶鼓励一岁的小孙女拉屎。周围有人，这可能会让小姑娘害羞，所以奶奶安慰她：“都是家人，可以轻松！”）

ə˧ʂɯ˧ɲi˥-ɖɯ˧ɲi˥ adverb Tone: H#-H$. the_past_few_days. 前几天. time.

ə˧ti˥-dzi˩ noun Tone: H#-. Weixi. 维西. place name.

ə˧tɕi˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ mother_s_younger_sister. 姨母 (比母亲小). society.: ə˧tɕi˩=ɻæ˩; associative : aunts; 姨母们

ə˧tse˥$ adverb Tone: H$. why. 为什么. morphosyntax.: ə˧tse˧-ʝi˥ / ə˧tse˧-ʝi˧; Why? (Two variants; same meaning); 为什么？（有两个变体，意思一致）; no˧ | ə˧tse˧-ʝi˥ | mɤ˧-tsʰɯ˩ ɲi˩? / no˧ | ə˧tse˧-ʝi˧-zo˥ | mɤ˧-tsʰɯ˩ ɲi˩?; Why didn't you come?; 你为什么没有来？; no˧ | ə˧tse˧-ʝi˥ | mɤ˧-dzɯ˥? = no˧ | ə˧tse˧-ʝi˥ | mɤ˧-dzɯ˧-ɲi˥?; Why don't you eat?; 你为什么不吃？; ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ə˧tse˧-ɲi˥-hɯ˩?; What does that mean?; 这是怎么一回事？

ə˧tso˧ pronoun Tone: M. what. 什么. morphosyntax.: ə˧tso˧ ɲi˩?; What is it?; 是什么？; no˧ | ə˧tso˧ ʝi˧ bi˧?; What are you going to do?; 你要做什么？; no˧ | ə˧tse˧ bi˧?; contracted form of the previous example: fv:/tso˧/ and the following fv:/ʝi˧/ fuse into a single syllable, fv:[tse˧].; 上面例子的缩短格式：|fv /tso˧/ 与|fv /ʝi˧/ 合成一个音节，|fv [tse˧] 。 /tso˧/ 与 /ʝi˧/ 合成一个音节， [tse˧] 。

ə˧tso˧~ə˧tso˥ pronoun Tone: H#. interrog .what~ . 什么什么. morphosyntax.

ə˧tso˧-mɤ˧-ɲi˩ pronoun Tone: L#. all_sorts_of. 各种. morphosyntax.

ə˧v˧-ze˥v˩ noun Tone: H#-. uncle_and_nephew. 叔叔侄子. society.

ə˧v˧˥ adjective Tone: MH#. beautiful. 美. adjective.: ɖwæ˧˥ | ə˧v˧˥; intensive .very; 很好看！; ə˧-mɤ˧-v˧˥; neg : ugly; 丑陋

ə˧v˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: v˧ maternal_uncle. 舅舅/舅父. society.: ə˧v˧-ɖɯ˧˥; mother's elder brother; 比母亲大的舅舅; ə˧v˧-tɕi˥; mother's younger brother; 比母亲小的舅舅

ə˧ze˧ adverb Tone: H#. slowly. 慢慢地. adverb.: ə˧ze˧ le˧-hõ˩!; Walk slowly! / Take your time on the road! / Have a quiet and pleasant journey! (Polite salutation to someone who is leaving.); 慢走！; ə˧ze˧ le˧-dzi˩!; Just stay seated! (Polite salutation when leaving someone.); 慢慢坐！

ə˧zo˩-ʁwɤ˩ noun Tone: L#-. village_name. 温泉乡的一个村落. place name.

ə˧zɯ˩ pronoun Tone: L# / L. 1du . 咱们两个. morphosyntax.

ə˧ʐv˩ adjective Tone: L#. used. 陈旧. adjective.: ʂe˧ ʐv˥; old meat, meat that is not fresh; 陈肉、不新鲜的肉

ə˧ʑi˧-ə˧pʰv˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. elders_by_two_generations. 奶奶与她的兄弟. society.

ə˧ʑi˧-ʐv˥mi˩ noun Tone: H#-. grandmother_and_granddaughter. 奶奶与孙女. society.

ə˧ʑi˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: v˧ grandmother_on_mother_s_side. 祖母（母亲的母亲）. society.: ə˧ʑi˧ ʝi˧ so˥-zo˩-ho˩-ze˩!; I shall have to learn to be a grandmother! / I shall have to learn to behave as a grandmother! (Humorous remark by the main consultant, after a doctor has advised her to avoid low, soft seats such as sofas and to adopt a taller wooden chair. Paraphrase: "I guess I have entered the category of elderly persons!"); 我要学习当老太太了！（情景：一位医生建议合作人不要坐在小凳子或者软沙发上了，而要坐更高的木头椅子。她幽默地说：“看来我是老年人了！”）

ə˩‑ pronoun Tone: L. interrog . 吗. morphosyntax.: dʑɯ˧ | ə˩-dʑo˧?; Is there any water?; 有谁吗？; ə˩-ŋi˩˥ ?; Is that right? / Is that correct? / ... isn't it?; 对吗？ / 对吧？

ə˩kʰɯ˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: ɭɯ˧ turnip. 芜菁. plant.: ə˩kʰɯ˩-bv˧ | kʰɯ˩ʈɯ˩˥; the root of wild cabbage; 芜菁的根

ə˩ljɤ˩hæ̃˩ʂɯ˥-mo˩ noun Tone: L+H#-. |fi Hygrophorus lucorum Kalc hbr. . 柠檬黄蜡伞. plant.

ə˩qo˥ adverb Tone: LH. inward. 往里. morphosyntax.

Corpus and dictionaries compiled with ANR funding.