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Index ʈʂʰ
ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˧
ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˧-mv˧lɑ˩
ʈʂʰɑ˧nɑ˥
ʈʂʰæ˥
ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ#˥
ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ˧-ki˩-hĩ˩-hĩ˩
ʈʂʰæ˧mi˥$
ʈʂʰæ˧nɑ˥
ʈʂʰæ˧pʰv#˥
ʈʂʰæ˧qʰv˥$
ʈʂʰæ˧sɯ˩
ʈʂʰæ˧~ʈʂʰæ˧
ʈʂʰæ˧zo#˥
ʈʂʰæ˧˥
ʈʂʰæ˧˥
ʈʂʰe˧ b
ʈʂʰe˧~ʈʂʰe˧
ʈʂʰɤ˧zo˥-ʈʂʰɤ˩mv˩
ʈʂʰɤ˩ a
ʈʂʰɤ˩ho˥
ʈʂʰɤ˩kɤ˧
ʈʂʰɤ˩qo˧
ʈʂʰɤ˩tɕʰɯ˩
ʈʂʰɤ˩~ʈʂʰɤ˧˥
ʈʂʰo˥
ʈʂʰo˧ b
ʈʂʰo˧bɤ#˥
ʈʂʰo˧bv˩
ʈʂʰo˧do˩
ʈʂʰo˧lo#˥
ʈʂʰɻ
ʈʂʰɻ˧
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥ a
ʈʂʰɯ˥
ʈʂʰɯ˥
ʈʂʰɯ˧-gɤ˧
ʈʂʰɯ˧gi#˥
ʈʂʰɯ˧ne˧-ʝi˥
ʈʂʰɯ˧qɑ˧
ʈʂʰɯ˧-qo˧
ʈʂʰɯ˧-sɯ˩-kv˩
ʈʂʰɯ˧ʂo˧
ʈʂʰɯ˧tɕi˩
ʈʂʰɯ˧zɯ˩
ʈʂʰv˧
ʈʂʰv˧dʑɯ˧
ʈʂʰv˧mi˧
ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˥$
ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˧qʰv#˥
ʈʂʰv˩
ʈʂʰv˩
ʈʂʰv˩ a
ʈʂʰv˩~ʈʂʰv˩˧
ʈʂʰv˧˥
ʈʂʰwæ˧ a
ʈʂʰwæ˧ a
ʈʂʰwæ˧-bv˧nv#˥
ʈʂʰwæ˧kɯ˧
ʈʂʰwæ˧tsɯ˧
ʈʂʰwæ˧ʈʂʰwæ˧
ʈʂʰwæ˩ a
ʈʂʰwæ˩tsʰɯ˩
ʈʂʰwæ˧˥
ʈʂʰwæ˧˥
ʈʂʰwæ˩˧
ʈʂʰwɤ˧tsʰi˧˥
ʈʂʰwɤ˩
ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˧ verb Tone: M.
to_chat. 谈天. verb.

hĩ˧-qɑ˩ ʈʂʰɑ˩lɑ˩
to have a chat with someone
跟人聊天

ɖɯ˧-kʰwɤ˧ ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˥
to have a small chat
聊聊天

njɤ˧ | no˧-qɑ˧ ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˥
I tell you, I narrate to you
我给你讲、我跟你聊聊天
ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˧-mv˧lɑ˩ verb Tone: M.
to_chat. 谈天. verb.

ʈʂʰɑ˧lɑ˧-mv˧lɑ˩-ɻ˩
to have a chat
聊聊天
ʈʂʰɑ˧nɑ˥ noun Tone: H#.
name_of_a_spring. 一眼山泉的名字. place name.

qv˧ɻ˧-ʈʂʰɑ˧nɑ˥#
the full name of the mountain
山的全名,包括水泉名

kɤ˧mv˧˥, | æ˧ʂæ˧, | ŋwɤ˧hɑ̃˩, | ʂwæ˧gv#˥, | nɑ˩tsʰi˩˥ | -tɕʰɤ˧pɤ˧mi#˥, | qv˧ɻ˧-ʈʂʰɑ˧nɑ˥ |
The six mountains of Yongning that carry a name and have a definite symbolic value. The other mountains do not have comparable symbolic value, and fewer people use specific names for them.
永宁地区有固定名字的六座山。其它的山,因为没有重要的象征意义,因此没有取名。
ʈʂʰæ˥ verb Tone: H.
to_wash. 洗. verb.

dʑi˧hṽ˧ ʈʂʰæ˧
to wash clothes
洗衣服

bɑ˩lɑ˩ ʈʂʰæ˩˥
to wash shirts
洗上衣

ɬi˧qʰwɤ˩ ʈʂʰæ˩
to wash trousers
洗裤子

gv˧mi˧ ʈʂʰæ˧
to wash oneself, to take a bath/shower
洗澡

gv˧mi˧ ʈʂʰæ˧~ʈʂʰæ˧
to wash oneself a bit, to do a quick clean-up
洗一下身体

hɑ˧ ʈʂʰæ˧
to rinse cereals (before cooking)
淘洗粮食

ɕi˧ʈʂʰwæ˧ ʈʂʰæ˧(-ze˩)
to rinse rice (before cooking)
淘米
ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ#˥ noun Tone: #H.
medicine. 药. food.

ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ˧ ʈʰɯ˧˥
to take a medicine; literally "to drink a medicine"
吃药(直译:“喝药”)

ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ˧ lɑ˩
to spread pesticides (in an orchard, a vegetable garden or a field)
打农药
ʈʂʰæ˧ɣɯ˧-ki˩-hĩ˩-hĩ˩ noun Tone: °L.
classifier: doctor. 医生. society.
ʈʂʰæ˧mi˥$ noun Tone: H$.
classifier: pʰo˧˥ doe. 母马鹿. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧nɑ˥ noun Tone: H#.
classifier: pʰo˧˥ black_stag. 黑鹿. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧pʰv#˥ noun Tone: #H.
classifier: pʰo˧˥ male_deer. 公马鹿. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧qʰv˥$ noun Tone: H$.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ antlers. 鹿角. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧sɯ˩ adverb
unfortunate. 可惜. set phrase.

ʈʂʰæ˧sɯ˩!
It's a pity!
可惜!
ʈʂʰæ˧~ʈʂʰæ˧ adjective Tone: M.
solid/reliable. 结实/可靠. adjective.
ʈʂʰæ˧zo#˥ noun Tone: #H.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ baby_deer. 小鹿. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧˥ noun Tone: MH.
classifier: pʰo˧˥ deer. 马鹿. animal.
ʈʂʰæ˧˥ classifier Tone: MH.
clf .generation . 量词 .代 . verb.
ʈʂʰe˧ b verb Tone: Mb.
to_stretch. 伸. verb.

le˧-ʈʂʰe˧-ze˧
accomp _ pfv
accomp _ pfv

mv˩tɕo˧ ʈʂʰe˧
to stretch down
向下伸展

lo˩qʰwɤ˧ | ə˩pʰo˩ ʈʂʰe˩˥
to strech one's hand outside (e.g. out the window)
手伸到外边

tso˧~tso˧ ʈʂʰe˧
to extend something, to stick out something (e.g. to extend a cane out the window of a car)
伸出一个东西,如:从车窗里伸出一个棍子
ʈʂʰe˧~ʈʂʰe˧ classifier Tone: M.
Etym: ʈʂʰe˧b. Probably from the verb 'to stretch' clf .widths . 量词 .一面(墙) . classifier.
ʈʂʰɤ˧zo˥-ʈʂʰɤ˩mv˩ noun Tone: H#-L.
love_child. 没有名分的孩子/私生子. society.

ə˧dɑ˥ | ɲi˩-ɲi˥ | mɤ˧-sɯ˥ | ʈʂʰɯ˧-v˧, | ʈʂʰɤ˧zo˥-ʈʂʰɤ˩mv˩ mv˩ʈʂæ˩.
Someone who does not know who his father is, is called a "love child".
一个人不知道他父亲是谁,就称作“私生子”。

ə˧ʝi˧-ʂɯ˥ʝi˩, | ʈʂʰɤ˧zo˥-ʈʂʰɤ˩mv˩ ʐɤ˩hĩ˩-lɑ˩ ɲi˩!
In the past, one used to bring up love children, and that was that! / In the past, one used to bring up love children without making any fuss!
过去,大家会公开把“私生子”养大,不会大惊小怪的!
ʈʂʰɤ˩ a verb Tone: La.
to_share. 分. verb.

ɖɯ˧-v˧ ɖɯ˧-kʰwɤ˥ | le˧-ʈʂʰɤ˧~ʈʂʰɤ˥
to share: one piece for each person
平分
ʈʂʰɤ˩ho˥ noun Tone: LH.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ kettle. 水壶. object.
ʈʂʰɤ˩kɤ˧ noun Tone: LM.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ goblet. 缸子. object.
ʈʂʰɤ˩qo˧ noun Tone: LM.
classifier: kʰwɤ˥ attention. 关注. abstract.

ʈʂʰɤ˩qo˧ kʰɯ˧˥
to pay attention to, to care for
关心、关注

ʈʂʰɤ˩qo˧ | ɖwæ˧˥ | tʰi˧-kʰɯ˧˥
to pay great attention to, to care greatly for (e.g. a grandmother paying great attention to a little child's feeding)
很关心、很关注

ʈʂʰɤ˩qo˧ | mɤ˧-kʰɯ˧˥
to pay little attention to, not to care for
不关心、不关注
ʈʂʰɤ˩tɕʰɯ˩ adjective Tone: L.
admirable. 值得崇拜. adjective.
ʈʂʰɤ˩~ʈʂʰɤ˧˥ verb Tone: MH.
to_touch. 抚摸. verb.

ʈʂʰɤ˩ʈʂʰɤ˧ mɤ˥-tʰɑ˩!
One must not touch!
禁止触碰!

tʰɑ˧-ʈʂʰɤ˩ʈʂʰɤ˩!
Do not touch!
别碰!

tso˧~tso˧ ʈʂʰɤ˥ʈʂʰɤ˩
to touch something
抚摸东西
ʈʂʰo˥ verb Tone: H.
to_pray. 拜. verb.

ʈʂʰo˧do˩ ʈʂʰo˩
to pray to the spirit of the home
祭祀祖先

hĩ˧-mo˥, | zo˩qo˧ ʂɯ˧, | zo˩qo˧-ɳɯ˧ ʈʂʰo˧-zo˧!
Deceased members of the family are honoured at the place where they passed away!
要在家人去世地点进行祭拜!
ʈʂʰo˧ b verb Tone: Mb.
to_read_aloud. 朗读. verb.

le˧-ʈʂʰo˧-ze˧
accomp _ pfv
朗读了

le˧-ʈʂʰo˧-le˧-se˩
(I) have finished reading aloud
朗读完了。

tʰæ˧ɻæ˩ ʈʂʰo˩
to read a book aloud
朗读一本书

ʈʂʰo˧~ʈʂʰo˧
red
重叠
ʈʂʰo˧bɤ#˥ noun Tone: #H.
classifier: ɭɯ˧˥ masculine_clothing. 男上衣. object.
ʈʂʰo˧bv˩ noun Tone: L#.
classifier: dzi˩ calamus. 菖蒲. plant.
ʈʂʰo˧do˩ noun Tone: L#.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ eminence_symbolizing_the_ancestors. 祖先灵位. house.
ʈʂʰo˧lo#˥ noun Tone: #H.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ large_frying_pan. 平底大锅. object.
ʈʂʰɻ ideophone
ideo_Pssshhh! . 噗嗤!. morphosyntax.
ʈʂʰɻ˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ ploughshare. 铧头. agriculture.

ʈʂʰɻ˧ ʈʂʰɯ˧-ɭɯ˧
n + dem + clf
这把铧头
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥ verb Tone: MH.
to_grasp. 握. verb.

sɯ˩tʰi˩˥ | (ɖɯ˧)-nɑ˧ | tʰi˧-ʈʂʰɻ˧˥ (+dʑo˩)
to grasp a knife
手里握刀

ʈʂʰɻ˧ mɤ˧-bi˧!
I won't grasp (this knife, ...)
我不要拿(刀)!

lo˩qʰwɤ˧ ʈʂʰɻ˩~ʈʂʰɻ˩ |
to tighten the fist
攥紧拳头
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥ noun Tone: MH.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ lung. 肺. body.
ʈʂʰɻ˧˥ a classifier Tone: MHa.
clf .handfuls/balls . 量词 .掐/团 . classifier.
ʈʂʰɯ˥ pronoun Tone: #H.
dem .prox . 指示 .近指 . morphosyntax.

ʈʂʰɯ˧ ɲi˥!
This is it! / That's it! / That's right!
是这个! / 对的!

ʈʂʰɯ˧-v#˥
this one
这个

ʈʂʰɯ˧=ɻæ˥
these things
这些
See: ʈʂʰɯ˥2 See: -ʈʂʰɯ˥
ʈʂʰɯ˥ pronoun Tone: #H.
3sg . 他. morphosyntax.

ʈʂʰɯ˧ ɲi˥!
That's her/him!
是他!
See: ʈʂʰɯ˥1 See: -ʈʂʰɯ˥
ʈʂʰɯ˧-gɤ˧ adverb Tone: M.
here. 这里. space. See: ʈʂʰɯ˧gi#˥
ʈʂʰɯ˧gi#˥ adverb Tone: #H.
here. 这边. morphosyntax. See: ʈʂʰɯ˧-gɤ˧
ʈʂʰɯ˧ne˧-ʝi˥ adverb Tone: MH#.
thus. 这样. morphosyntax.

ʈʂʰɯ˧ne˧-ʝi˥ | le˧-ʐwɤ˩!
This is how it's said!
是这样讲的!

ʈʂʰɯ˧ne˧-ʝi˥ | le˧-pi˥!
This is how it's said!
是这样说的!

ʈʂʰɯ˧ne˧-ʝi˥ | le˧-ʝi˥!
This is how it's done!
是这样做的!
ʈʂʰɯ˧qɑ˧ adverb
together. 一起. morphosyntax.
ʈʂʰɯ˧-qo˧ adverb Tone: M.
here. 这里. space.
ʈʂʰɯ˧-sɯ˩-kv˩ pronoun Tone: °L.
: 3rd person plural 3pl . 他们. morphosyntax.

ʈʂʰɯ˧-sɯ˩-kv˩-bv˩ | mɤ˧-sɯ˥!
(We) don't know about their business! / (We) are not privy to their family affairs!
我们不知道他们的事!
ʈʂʰɯ˧ʂo˧ adverb
this_morning. 今天早上. time.
ʈʂʰɯ˧tɕi˩ pronoun Tone: L#.
3pl . 他们. morphosyntax.
ʈʂʰɯ˧zɯ˩ pronoun Tone: L#.
3du . 他们两个. morphosyntax.
ʈʂʰv˧ noun Tone: M.
breakfast. 早饭. time.

ʈʂʰv˧ dzɯ˧(-ze˩)
to have breakfast, to eat breakfast
吃早饭

bæ˧qʰæ˧ ʈʂʰv#˥
The breakfast shared when coming back from the cremation ceremony. Guests stop at the house of the deceased, where they are offered breakfast before they set home.
丧礼早餐:参加火葬仪式的人留在去世的人家,一起吃一点早饭再回家。
ʈʂʰv˧dʑɯ˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: kʰwɤ˥ dyestuff. 染料. object.

dʑi˧hṽ˧-ʈʂʰv˧dʑɯ˧
dyestuff for clothes
衣服染料

ʈʂʰv˧dʑɯ˧ | hṽ˩-hĩ˩˥
red dyestuff
红色的染料
ʈʂʰv˧mi˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: wife. 太太. society.
ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˥$ noun Tone: H$.
classifier: mi˩ ant. 蚂蚁. animal.

ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˧ | tɕi˩-hĩ˩˥
small ant
小蚂蚁
ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˧qʰv#˥ noun Tone: #H.
classifier: ɭɯ˧ ant_nest. 蚂蚁巢. animal.

ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˧qʰv˧ ɲi˥!
It's an ant nest!
是蚂蚁巢!
See: ʈʂʰv˧ɻ˥$
ʈʂʰv˩ verb Tone: MH.
to_complete. 完成. verb.

le˧-ʈʂʰv˩-se˩
accomp _ cmpl
完成了

tsʰi˧-ɲi˧-bv˧ | lo˧ | le˧-ʈʂʰv˩! | le˧-se˩-ze˩!
Today's work is completed! It's finished!
今天的工作完成了!就算完工了吧!
ʈʂʰv˩ verb Tone: L.
to_set_aside. 除开. verb.

gɤ˩-ʈʂʰv˧, | mv˩-ʈʂʰv˧-tsæ˩-ɲi˩
to set aside, to distinguish, not to mix
不算在里面、不算在一起

no˧-bv˧ | gɤ˩-ʈʂʰv˧! | njɤ˧-bv˧, | mv˩-ʈʂʰv˧!
Your stuff belongs to you; and mine belongs to me!
你的算你的,我的算我的!
ʈʂʰv˩ a verb Tone: La.
to_dye. 染. verb.

mɤ˧-ʈʂʰv˩
neg
neg

ʈʂʰv˩ mɤ˩-bi˩˥!
_ neg fut_imm
_ neg fut_imm

tso˧~tso˧ ʈʂʰv˥
to dye things
染东西
ʈʂʰv˩~ʈʂʰv˩˧ verb
to_wipe. 擦. verb.

ʈʂʰv˩~ʈʂʰv˩-ze˧
red pfv
red pfv

le˧-ʈʂʰv˩~ʈʂʰv˩-ze˩
accomp _ pfv
accomp _ pfv

tso˧~tso˧ ʈʂʰv˥~ʈʂʰv˩
to wipe things
擦东西
ʈʂʰv˧˥ verb Tone: MH.
to_add_water. 掺和. verb.

le˧-ʈʂʰv˧-ze˥
accomp _ pfv
accomp _ pfv

dʑɯ˩ ʈʂʰv˩˥
to add water (e.g. in a pot)
加水(如:往锅里添加水)
ʈʂʰwæ˧ a verb Tone: Ma.
to_rot. 腐烂. verb.

ʈʂʰwæ˧-ze˧
pfv
烂了

le˧-ʈʂʰwæ˧-ze˧
accomp _ pfv
accomp _ pfv

hĩ˧-ɳɯ˩ | mɤ˧-dzɯ˥, | le˧-ʈʂʰwæ˧-ze˧! |
No one ate it, and now it's rotten! (About a water melon that was forgotten in the cupboard.)
没人吃,就烂了!(一个西瓜被忘记在橱柜里,就腐烂了)
ʈʂʰwæ˧ a verb Tone: Ma.
to_wake_up. 醒来. verb.

le˧-ʈʂʰwæ˧-ze˧
accomp _ pfv
accomp _ pfv

gɤ˩ʈʂʰwæ˧
to wake up
醒来

gɤ˩ʈʂʰwæ˧-ze˧!
[(S)he] has woken up!
醒来了!
ʈʂʰwæ˧-bv˧nv#˥ adjective Tone: #H.
rotten. 有臭味. adjective.

ʈʂʰwæ˧-bv˧nv˧ ɲi˥!
It stinks! / It smells rotten!
臭了、有臭味道了
ʈʂʰwæ˧kɯ˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: nɑ˧ net. 网. agriculture.

ʈʂʰwæ˧kɯ˧ tʰv˧-nɑ˩
n + dem + clf
这个网
ʈʂʰwæ˧tsɯ˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: nɑ˧ From: Chinese 窗子 . window. 窗户. house.
ʈʂʰwæ˧ʈʂʰwæ˧ noun Tone: M.
classifier: nɑ˧ cymbals. 钹. music.
ʈʂʰwæ˩ a adjective Tone: La.
rapid. 快. adjective.

ʈʂʰwæ˩-hĩ˩˥
rel / nmlz
快的

ɲi˧to˧ ʈʂʰwæ˩
who has a loose tongue, to talks too much
嘴快
ʈʂʰwæ˩tsʰɯ˩ verb Tone: L.
From: Chinese 创造 . 创造::to_create. 创造( 借词) . verb.
ʈʂʰwæ˧˥ verb Tone: MH.
to_hide. 藏. verb.
ʈʂʰwæ˧˥ verb Tone: MH.
to_stab. 戳. verb.
ʈʂʰwæ˩˧ noun Tone: LM.
classifier: nɑ˧ From: Chinese . 船::boat. 船( 借词) . object.
ʈʂʰwɤ˧tsʰi˧˥ adjective Tone: MH#.
narrow. 窄. adjective.
ʈʂʰwɤ˩ noun Tone: L.
dinner. 晚饭. time.

ʈʂʰwɤ˩ gv˩˥
to cook dinner
做晚饭

ʈʂʰwɤ˩ tʰv˩˥
to take charge of dinner, to prepare dinner, to provide dinner (this can refer to providing the ingredients for the meal, not necessarily preparing it oneself)
请吃晚饭,提供晚餐(不一定自己做:意思是提供原料)

ʈʂʰwɤ˩ dzɯ˩˥
to eat dinner
吃晚饭
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Corpus and dictionaries compiled with ANR funding.