Dictionaries

Index

ʐ
ʐæ˧
ʐæ˧ _a
ʐæ˧v˩-tʰv˩
ʐæ˩ _b
ʐæ˩mi#˥
ʐæ˩pʰv˧
ʐæ˩sɯ˩
ʐæ˩sɯ˩-kʰwæ˩ɻæ˧
ʐæ˩ʂæ˧
ʐæ˩tsɯ˧˥
ʐæ˩zo#˥
ʐæ˩˥
ʐe˥
ʐe˥
ʐe˥
ʐe˧ʈæ˥-ɬi˩
ʐe˧v#˥
ʐe˧zo#˥
ʐe˩ʐe˧-bæ˩bæ˩
ʐe˩ʐe˧-læ˧tsɯ˥
ʐɤ˧ _b
ʐɤ˩ _c
ʐɤ˩ _a
ʐɤ˩mi˩
ʐɤ˩ni˩
ʐɤ˩qo˩
ʐɤ˩ʐɤ˧˥
ʐɤ˩˧
ʐo˩
ʐo˩ _a
ʐo˩ _a
ʐo˩dzɯ˩
ʐo˩~ʐo˧˥
ʐɯ˥
ʐɯ˧
ʐɯ˧ɭɯ˧
ʐɯ˧nɑ˩
ʐɯ˩dzi˥
ʐɯ˩gv˩
ʐɯ˩-mo˧˥
ʐɯ˩tse˧
ʐɯ˩tse˧-mæ˧ʂæ˩
ʐɯ˩tsɯ˧
ʐɯ˩tsɯ˧mɤ˩ʈʂʰɤ˩
ʐv˧
ʐv˧bæ˧
ʐv˧bæ˧-bv˧-hɑ#˥
ʐv˧bæ˧-mi˩
ʐv˧bæ˧-pʰv#˥
ʐv˧bæ˧-zo#˥
ʐv˧bæ˧-ʐv˧qʰɑ#˥
ʐv˧bɤ#˥
ʐv˧di˧˥
ʐv˧dzi˩
ʐv˧hĩ#˥
ʐv˧mi#˥
ʐv˧mv˧lɑ˧di˧˥
ʐv˧-ɲi˧-ʁo˧tʰo˥
ʐv˧ɻ˥
ʐv˧-tsʰi˩
ʐv˧v#˥
ʐv˧v˥-ʐv˩mi˩
ʐv˧-zo#˥
ʐv˩ _a
ʐv˩ _a
ʐv˩ɭɯ˥
ʐv˩-ɬi˩mi˩
ʐv˩mi˩
ʐv˧˥
ʐwæ˥
ʐwæ˧ _a
ʐwæ˧bv˧˥
ʐwæ˧-hɑ#˥
ʐwæ˧-kʰv˩
ʐwæ˧-ɭɯ#˥
ʐwæ˧pʰæ˧di˧˥
ʐwæ˧-qʰæ#˥
ʐwæ˧ʁo˩
ʐwæ˧sɯ˩
ʐwæ˧zo#˥
ʐwæ˧-zɯ#˥
ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˧
ʐwæ˩
ʐwæ˩ _a
ʐwæ˩ _a
ʐwæ˩mi˩
ʐwæ˩ʈʂɤ˩
ʐwæ˧˥
ʐwɤ˧
ʐwɤ˧mv˧
ʐwɤ˩ _b

ʐ ideophone Tone: 0. ideo_Brrroom! . 轰隆隆！. morphosyntax.

ʐæ˧ adjective Tone: M. tall_and_big. 高大. adjective.: ʐæ˧-ni˩gv˩; tall and big; great; impressive; 高大; hĩ˧ | ʈʂʰɯ˧-v˧, | ʐæ˧-ni˩gv˩!; This person looks impressive / tall and big!; 这人很高大！; ʐæ˧ni˩ | mɤ˧-gv˧; not impressive, not great-looking; 个子不高; ʐæ˧ | ʐwæ˩˥; very tall and big; 很高大

ʐæ˧ _a verb Tone: Ma. to_laugh. 笑. verb.: zo˧hṽ˥ | hĩ˧ ʐæ˧~ʐæ˥-kʰɯ˩; The kids make people laugh; 孩子们把大家逗笑了。; hĩ˧ | ʐæ˧~ʐæ˥ kʰɯ˩; to make people laugh, to amuse people; 让大家笑一笑; ʐæ˧~ʐæ˩-di˩; jokes, funny talk; 笑话，好笑的话; le˧-ʐæ˧-ze˧; accomp _ pfv; 出言不逊了; le˧-ʐæ˥~ʐæ˩; red; 笑一笑（别人）; hĩ˧ ʐæ˩; to make fun of other people; 嘲笑人家; le˧-ʐæ˥~ʐæ˩-ze˩; red pfv; 嘲笑了

ʐæ˧v˩-tʰv˩ verb Tone: L#-. to_joke. 开玩笑. verb.: ʐæ˧v˩-tʰv˩ | ʐwæ˩˥; to crack jokes all the time, to make lots of jokes; 开很多玩笑、一直开玩笑; ʐæ˧v˩-tʰv˩-hĩ˩ ʐwɤ˩; to crack a joke; 开个玩笑

ʐæ˩ _b verb Tone: Lb. to_mix. 搅拌合混. verb.: le˧-ʐæ˧~ʐæ˥; accomp _ red; 搅拌

ʐæ˩mi#˥ noun Tone: LM+#H. classifier: pʰo˧˥ female_panther. 母豹子. animal.: ʐæ˩mi˧-ʐæ˥zo˩; female panther and male panther; 母豹子与公豹子

ʐæ˩pʰv˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: pʰo˧˥ male_panther. 公豹子. animal.: ʐæ˩pʰv˧-ʐæ˩mi˩; male panther and female panther; 公豹子与母豹子

ʐæ˩sɯ˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: ɭɯ˧˥ piece_of_felt. 披毡. clothing.

ʐæ˩sɯ˩-kʰwæ˩ɻæ˧ noun classifier: tsʰi˥ felt_mat. 毡子做的垫子. clothing.

ʐæ˩ʂæ˧ adjective Tone: LM. far. 远. space.: no˧ | ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ə˩-ʐæ˥ʂæ˩? | dʑɤ˩kʰwɤ˧ ə˩-di˩? | - dʑɤ˩˥ | dʑɤ˩kʰwɤ˧ mɤ˧-di˥! | mɤ˧-ʐæ˩ʂæ˩!; Are you distant from him? Is there distance (between you)? - There is not much distance to speak of! We are not distant! (=we are close friends); 你们很熟吗？ - 不很熟！

ʐæ˩tsɯ˧˥ noun Tone: LM+MH#. classifier: kʰɯ˩ trail. 小路. natural environment.: ʐæ˩tsɯ˧-ʐɤ˥mi˩; small trail; 径道

ʐæ˩zo#˥ noun Tone: LM+#H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ little_panther. 小豹子. animal.: ʐæ˩zo˧-ʐæ˥mi˩; baby panther and female panther; 小豹子与母豹子

ʐæ˩˥ noun Tone: LH. classifier: pʰo˧˥ leopard. 豹子. animal.: ʐæ˩ dzɯ˧-ze˩; ...ate (a/the) leopard; 吃了豹子; ʐæ˩ hwæ˧-ze˩; ...bought (a/the) leopard; 买了豹子

ʐe˥ classifier Tone: Ha. clf .quarter_of_preserved_meat . 量词 .熏肉块 . classifier.

ʐe˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: kʰɯ˩ arrow. 箭. object.: ʐe˧ɻ̃˧ | ɖɯ˧-kʰɯ˩; an arrow; also, metaphorically: a family, a lineage; 一枝箭。也来指一个家庭

ʐe˥ noun Tone: #H. rainy_season. 雨季. time.

ʐe˧ʈæ˥-ɬi˩ noun Tone: H#-L. 11th_month. 十一月. time.

ʐe˧v#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: pʰo˧˥ castrated_ox. 阉牛. animal.

ʐe˧zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. arrow. 箭. object.: ʐe˧zo˧ | ɖɯ˧-kʰɯ˩; one arrow; 一枝箭

ʐe˩ʐe˧-bæ˩bæ˩ noun Tone: LM-L. wild_cotton. 野棉花. plant. See: je˩ʐe˧

ʐe˩ʐe˧-læ˧tsɯ˥ noun Tone: LM-H#. pig_fodder. 喂猪的牧草. plant.

ʐɤ˧ _b verb Tone: Mb. to_raise. 饲养. verb.: bo˩ ʐɤ˧; to raise pigs; 养猪; ʐwæ˧zo˧ ʐɤ˧; to raise colts; 养小马

ʐɤ˩ _c classifier Tone: Lc. clf .patterns . 量词 .图案 . classifier.

ʐɤ˩ _a adjective Tone: La. clean. 干净. adjective.: ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ʐɤ˩-hĩ˩ ɲi˥; It is clean; 这是干净的; mɤ˧-ʐɤ˩; not clean, dirty; 不干净

ʐɤ˩mi˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: kʰɯ˩ road. 路. natural environment.: hĩ˧ | ɖɯ˧-v˧~ɖɯ˧-v˧ | le˧-se˥, | ʐɤ˩mi˩ tsɤ˩˥!; People walk, one after the other, and they create a path! (Context: when people go to fell trees on the mountain, where there was no path before, their passage open a new path, whose traces remain visible and may become a customary path.); 路是人走出来的！

ʐɤ˩ni˩ adjective Tone: L. near. 近. adjective.

ʐɤ˩qo˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: ɭɯ˧ veal. 小牛. animal. male_pianniu. 公犏牛.

ʐɤ˩ʐɤ˧˥ noun Tone: LM+MH#. classifier: ʐɤ˩ lines/pattern. 花纹. object.: ʐɤ˩ʐɤ˧ tʰi˧-di˥; with lines/patterns / there are lines/patterns; 有花纹; bɑ˩lɑ˩˥ | ʈʰɯ˧-ɭɯ˥-bi˩ | ʐɤ˩ʐɤ˧ tʰi˧-di˥; There are lines/patterns on this piece of clothing.; 这衣服上面有花纹。

ʐɤ˩˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: kʰɯ˩ classifier: objets longs road. 路. natural environment.: ʐɤ˩mi˩-qo˥; on the road, on the way; 路上; ʐɤ˩mi˩-qo˥, | hĩ˧ se˧! |; People are walking on the road/path!; 路上有人走！; ʐɤ˩ se˩-zo˩˥; traveller, person who travels; specifically: person who does commerce by caravans; 旅人，特别指走马帮的商人

ʐo˩ noun Tone: L. noon/lunch. 中午. time.: ʐo˩ dzɯ˩˥; to have lunch; 吃午饭

ʐo˩ _a verb Tone: La. to_swing_back_and_forth. 甩来甩去. verb.: ɖɯ˧-ʐo˩-ɻ˩; to swing back and forth; 甩来甩去; ʐo˩~ʐo˧-ze˥; red pfv; red pfv; le˧-ʐo˩~ʐo˩; accomp red; accomp red

ʐo˩ _a adjective Tone: La. light. 轻. adjective.

ʐo˩dzɯ˩ verb Tone: L. to_eat_lunch. 吃午饭. verb.: ʐo˩ dzɯ˩˥; to have lunch; 吃午饭; ʐo˩ dzɯ˩-se˥; afternoon; 下午

ʐo˩~ʐo˧˥ verb Tone: MH. to_swing. 摔. verb.

ʐɯ˥ adjective Tone: H. heavy. 重. adjective.

ʐɯ˧ noun Tone: M. wine. 酒. food.: ʐɯ˧ pʰv˧˥; to pour wine; 斟酒

ʐɯ˧ɭɯ˧ verb Tone: M. to_shake(earthquake). 地震. verb.: ʐɯ˧ɭɯ˧-ze˧!; There is an earthquake!; 地震了！

ʐɯ˧nɑ˩ noun Tone: L#. high_quality_wine. 醇酒. food.

ʐɯ˩dzi˥ noun Tone: LH. classifier: dzi˩ cedar. 杉树. plant.

ʐɯ˩gv˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: ɭɯ˧ classifier: nɑ˧ boat. 船. object.: ʐɯ˩gv˩ dzi˩˥; to sit in a boat; 坐船

ʐɯ˩-mo˧˥ noun Tone: LM+MH#. cedar_tree_mushroom. “杉树菌”. plant.: tʰo˧mo˩-ʐɯ˩mo˩; Pine-tree mushroom and cedar-tree mushroom; 松树菌与杉树菌

ʐɯ˩tse˧ noun Tone: LM. classifier: v˧ mountain_spirit. 山神. religion.

ʐɯ˩tse˧-mæ˧ʂæ˩ noun Tone: LM-L#. golden_pheasant. 锦鸡. animal. See: ʐɯ˩tse˧

ʐɯ˩tsɯ˧ noun Tone: LM. From: Chinese 日子 . 日子::days. 日子（借词） . time.

ʐɯ˩tsɯ˧mɤ˩ʈʂʰɤ˩ noun Tone: LM-L. classifier: tsʰi˥ mattress. 褥子. house.

ʐv˧ numeral Tone: M? H#?. 4. 4. number.

ʐv˧bæ˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: mi˩ snake. 蛇. animal.: ʐv˧bæ˧ ɣɯ˩ pʰv˩; The snake sheds skin / exuviates; 蛇蜕皮

ʐv˧bæ˧-bv˧-hɑ#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: qɑ˩ classifier: botte pig_fodder. 喂猪的草. plant.

ʐv˧bæ˧-mi˩ noun Tone: °L. classifier: mi˩ female_snake. 母蛇. animal.

ʐv˧bæ˧-pʰv#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: mi˩ male_snake. 公蛇. animal.

ʐv˧bæ˧-zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ baby_snake. 小蛇. animal.

ʐv˧bæ˧-ʐv˧qʰɑ#˥ noun jack_in_the_pulpit. 天南星. plant.

ʐv˧bɤ#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: v˧ Pumi_of_mountains. 高山普米族. ethnic groups.

ʐv˧di˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. banks_of_the_Yangtze. 金沙江边. place name.

ʐv˧dzi˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: dzi˩ willow. 柳树. plant.

ʐv˧hĩ#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: v˧ Pumi. 普米族. ethnic groups.

ʐv˧mi#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ granddaughter. 孙女. society.: njɤ˧ | ʐv˧mi˧ | ɖɯ˧-ɭɯ˧ dʑo˧; I have a granddaughter.; 我有一个孙女。

ʐv˧mv˧lɑ˧di˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: v˧ Pumi_territory. 江边普米族地区. ethnic groups.: ʐv˧mv˧lɑ˧di˧-hĩ˥; people from the Pumi territories; 普米族地区的人们

ʐv˧-ɲi˧-ʁo˧tʰo˥ adverb Tone: H#. in_four_days. 四天以后. time.

ʐv˧ɻ˥ adjective Tone: H#. square. 正方形. adjective.: ʐv˩-hĩ˩˥; nmlz; 方形的; ʐv˧ɻ˥-gv˩; square; 方形的

ʐv˧-tsʰi˩ numeral Tone: L#. 40. 40. number.

ʐv˧v#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ classifier: objets ronds grandson. 孙子. society.: njɤ˧ | ʐv˧v˧ ɖɯ˧-ɭɯ˧ dʑo˧.; I have a grandson.; 我有一个孙子。

ʐv˧v˥-ʐv˩mi˩ noun Tone: H#-. grandchildren. 孙子孙女. society.

ʐv˧-zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: nɑ˧ small_bow. 小弓. object.

ʐv˩ _a verb Tone: La. to_knead. 揉. verb.: pɤ˩jɤ˧ ʐv˥; to knead dough; 揉面; ʐv˧~ʐv˥; red; 重叠; ɖɯ˧-kʰwɤ˧ ʐv˥; to knead a piece (of dough); 揉一块（面团）; bɑ˩lɑ˩ ʐv˥(-ze˩); to crease clothes; the clothes have been creased; the clothes are creased; 衣服皱了; ʐv˧~ʐv˥; red; 重叠; le˧-ʐv˧~ʐv˥-ze˩; accomp _ red pfv; accomp _ red pfv

ʐv˩ _a adjective Tone: La. good. 香. adjective.

ʐv˩ɭɯ˥ noun Tone: LH. classifier: ɭɯ˧ small_beam. 小梁. house.

ʐv˩-ɬi˩mi˩ noun Tone: L. 4th_month. 四月. time.

ʐv˩mi˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: nɑ˧ bow. 弓. object.

ʐv˧˥ verb Tone: MH. to_sew. 缝. verb.

ʐwæ˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: v˧ horse. 马. animal.: dʑɯ˩ʁo˩-ʐwæ˩; wild horse; 野马; o-ho-ho! ʐwæ˧-ɳɯ˩ | dzɯ˧-po˧-hɯ˥-ze˩!; Oops! The horse scoffed the lot!; 啊呀嚒！马把饲料都吃光了！

ʐwæ˧ _a verb Tone: Ma. to_weigh. 称. verb.: mɤ˧-ʐwæ˧; neg; 不称; le˧-ʐwæ˧-ze˧; accomp _ pfv; 称了; tso˧~tso˧ ʐwæ˩; to weigh things; 称东西; ʁo˧do˧ ʐwæ˧; to weigh walnuts; 称核桃

ʐwæ˧bv˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: ɭɯ˧ stable. 马圈. house.

ʐwæ˧-hɑ#˥ noun Tone: #H. horse_feed. 马料. food.

ʐwæ˧-kʰv˩ noun Tone: L#. year_of_the_Horse. 马年. time.

ʐwæ˧-ɭɯ#˥ noun Tone: #H. cereals_for_horse_fodder. 马料（粮食）. food.

ʐwæ˧pʰæ˧di˧˥ noun Tone: MH#. classifier: ɭɯ˧ lunge. 拉马链子. object.

ʐwæ˧-qʰæ#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ʁwɤ˧ horse_manure. 马粪. agriculture.

ʐwæ˧ʁo˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: v˧ castrated_horse. 骟马. animal.

ʐwæ˧sɯ˩ noun Tone: L#. classifier: mi˩ stallion. 公马. animal.: ʐwæ˧sɯ˩-ʐwæ˩mi˩; stallion and mare; 公马与母马; ʐwæ˧sɯ˩-ʐwæ˩zo˩; stallion and colt; 公马与小马

ʐwæ˧zo#˥ noun Tone: #H. classifier: ɭɯ˧ colt. 马驹子. animal.: ʐwæ˧zo˧-ʐwæ˥mi˩; colt and mare; 马驹子与母马

ʐwæ˧-zɯ#˥ noun Tone: #H. horse_hay. 喂马的草. food.

ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˧ verb Tone: M. to_put_in_order. 收拾. verb.: tso˧~tso˧ ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˧(-ze˩); to put things in order; 收拾东西; le˧-ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˧ ɖɯ˧-ʝi˧-tɕɯ˥; to put things in order in one place, to arrange things together in one place; 把东西收拾在一起

ʐwæ˩ adverb Tone: L. intensive .extremely . 极. morphosyntax.: ʐwæ˩-ze˥!; That's too much! / There's too much!; 太多了！

ʐwæ˩ _a verb Tone: La. to_swoon. 昏. verb.: le˧-ʈʰi˩ | le˧-ʐwæ˩-ze˩; to be so tired as to fall into a swoon, to swoon from exhaustion; 累得都昏倒了

ʐwæ˩ _a adjective Tone: La. good. 能干. adjective.: ʐwæ˩-hĩ˩˥; nmlz; 能干的; ʈʂʰɯ˧ ɖwæ˧˥ | ʐwæ˩˥!; He is very capable!; 他很能干！

ʐwæ˩mi˩ noun Tone: L. classifier: v˧ classifier: jɤ˧˥ mare. 母马. animal.: ʂe˩-ʐwæ˩mi˥; bicycle; 自行车（“铁马”）; ʐwæ˩mi˩-ʐwæ˩zo˩; mare and colt; 母马与马驹子

ʐwæ˩ʈʂɤ˩ adjective Tone: L. remarkable. 了不起. adjective.: ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ə˧tso˧ ʐwæ˩ʈʂɤ˩-tso˩ dʑo˩?; What's so remarkable about her/him?; 他有什么了不起的？; ʈʂʰɯ˧ | ʐwæ˩ʈʂɤ˩˥ | ʐwæ˩˥!; It's really an outstanding person!; 他非常了不起！

ʐwæ˧˥ verb Tone: MH. to_hoe. 薅锄. verb.: ʐwæ˩~ʐwæ˧˥; red; 重叠; jɤ˩jo˥ ʐwæ˩; to hoe potatoes, to weed a potato field; 洋芋地里锄草; jɤ˩jo˧ ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˥; to hoe potatoes, to weed a potato field; 洋芋地里锄草; qʰɑ˧dze˧ ʐwæ˧˥; to hoe sweetcorn, to weed a sweetcorn field; 苞谷地里锄草; qʰɑ˧dze˧ ʐwæ˧~ʐwæ˥; to hoe sweetcorn, to weed a sweetcorn field; 苞谷地里锄草

ʐwɤ˧ adjective Tone: M. hungry(monosyll.). 饿. adjective.: hɑ˧-ʐwɤ˩; to be hungry; 饿

ʐwɤ˧mv˧ noun Tone: M. classifier: kʰwɤ˥ Etym: ʐwɤ˩b. idiom. 惯用语. language.: ʐwɤ˧mv˧ dʑo˧-kv˧˥ !; This is how they say! / There's such a set phrase!; 有这么一句老话！ / 有这么一个说法！; æ˧ʂæ˧-ʐwɤ˧mv˧ | ɖɯ˧-kʰwɤ˥; a saying, a set phrase of the old times; 一句老话、一个传统的说法

ʐwɤ˩ _b verb Tone: Lb. to_speak. 讲话. verb.: ʐwɤ˧~ʐwɤ˩ mɤ˩-hĩ˩; dumb person, person who is not able to speak; 哑巴、不会讲话的人; ʐwɤ˧~ʐwɤ˩ mɤ˩-hĩ˩, | ʈʂʰɯ˧-v˧!; (S)he is not able to speak! / (S)he won't speak!; 不会讲话，这个人！ / 这个人，不会讲话！; le˧-ʐwɤ˩-ze˩; accomp _ pfv; 讲了; no˧ | ə˧tso˧ ʐwɤ˩-ɲi˩?; What are you saying? / What do you mean?; 你说什么？; ʐwɤ˧~ʐwɤ˩; red; 重叠; le˧-ʐwɤ˩; to answer; 回答; le˧-wo˧ ʐwɤ˧˥; as above: to answer; 同上：回答; ʈʂʰɯ˧ | le˧-ʐwɤ˩-bi˩-dʑo˩...; According to her/him... / From her/his point of view...; 依照他的说法……; hĩ˧-qɑ˧ ʐwɤ˧~ʐwɤ˥; to speak to people; 对人家讲; le˧-ʐwɤ˧~ʐwɤ˥-ze˩; accomp red pfv; accomp red pfv

Corpus and dictionaries compiled with ANR funding.